WPC; qZb&Dgxw.U2Xm՞tD u>)(B djyE"{7] LB _XBŘ\r xԏY׾@OvW3L$`^8OBex+Ft1މ6 ey aPCz<7H2V4Vߴ*zV8č͛aquƜ#%aZ`/d1=ܢdhl#lIjj{34]pyP9=|X͐Ah_o;cK 0{MvG`(Zaj>PXzsgSjG/=Q {vc(*OP( SX'C9ҼT|81ӆ"ogDwpEJŸhu #R U,N %a 0:gU,>U @"UJAU.-^  0~ 0D: 0N~" w4 0  / m1 H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H }<" B$$A$z&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&,Xb0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0b0 0000000000000000rE13xS666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666666/{9hp officejet 5500 seriesTX,,,,TX0(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularX($USUS.,\  `&Times New Roman(9 Z(Times New Roman    ($USUS.,    4    _Ԁ_SandraNewman,TheLivingConditionsofOlderAmericans,43Gerontologist99,  10607(2003)________________.  _ԳkIA`2WP TypographicSymbols $Georgia ##Xd# 64    ($USUS.,    10    _ԀBydefinition,peoplewhocannot selfcarehavea physicalormentalimpairment  whichsubstantiallylimitsoneormoreofsuchpersonsmajorlifeactivities.42U.S.C.  3602(2)(h).EvenwereDefendantstoarguethattherequirementofselfcarewasplacedon  residents,regardlessoftheirdisability,theeffectofsucharequirementfallssodisproportionately t onpeoplewithdisabilitiesthatitspurportedapplicationtothegeneralpopulationofresidentsis ` irrelevant.Cason,at1007, Aplaintiffmakesoutaprimafaciecaseofdisparateimpactby L  showingagivenpracticehasagreaterimpactonhandicappedapplicantsthannonhandicapped 8  ones. $ t (.(2($ !USUS.,      0  (#$  0  (O$   ($USUS.,    3    __AARPPublicPolicyInstitute,AARP,Beyond50.03:AReportonIndependent  LivingandDisability3738(2003)[hereinafterBeyond_50.03]________._     ($USUS.,    13    _______JointStatementoftheDepartmentofHousingandUrbanDevelopmentandthe  DepartmentofJustice,ReasonableAccommodationsUndertheFairHousingAct(May  17,2004),availableatXX  X@Xhttp://www.usdoj.gov/crt/housing/joint_statement_ra_5-17-04.pdf X@XXX@    [hereinafterJointStatement](Question6).   ($USUS.,    9    _TheActusestheterm handicap,butthismemorandumwillgenerallyusetheword   disabilitytoconformtogenerallyacceptedcontemporaryusage.  ($USUS.,    15    _The_FHAA_Ԁhasitsownrequirementsfornewconstruction,specificallyrelatedtothe  housingindustry.ww3:i+00<oo:footnote refXXXS\  `&Times New RomanSS\  `&Times New RomanS3|xU   ($USUS.,    2    _Ԁ_ԀFederalInteragencyForumonAgingRelatedStatistics,OlderAmericans2000:Key  IndicatorsofWellBeing,WashingtonD.C.,U.S.PrintingOffice(2000)availableat  http://www.agingstats.gov/chartbook2000/population.html(lastvisitedSept.30,2004).  _XX s  ($USUS.,    5    _AARP,FixingtoStay:ANationalSurveyofHousingandHomeModification  Issues26(2002).Thepercentageofpeoplewhoexpressedthispreferenceincreasedwithage:  5564years,83%;_6574years,92%;_Ԁ_75yearsandolder,95%._ԀId.See_alsoBeyond_Ԁ50:03,  supranote_3,_Ԁat84. t  d 7  ($USUS.,    11    _ԀE.g.,Scottv._Guardmark_ԀSecurity,874F.Supp.117(D.S.C.1995);seealso17AAm.  _Jur_.2dContracts229. p  ($USUS.,    14    _X@XXXThe_FHAA_Ԁdoesnotrequirearesidenttodisclosetheprecisenatureofherdisability  whenrequestinganaccommodation.#X@XXX@f#X@XXX@SeeHouseReport,suprapage6,at2191.Seealso_Robards_  v.CottonMillAssoc.,713A.2d952,954(Me.1998).#X@XXX@]#X@XXX@ԀRather,sheisrequiredonlyto  demonstratethatshehasadisabilityandthatachangeinthehousingproviders rules,policies, t practicesorservicesmaybenecessarytoafford[her]equalopportunitytouseandenjoya ` dwelling.42U.S.C.3604(f)(3)(B).Becausehousingprovidersareforbiddentoinquireabout L  theexistenceofadisabilityinmostinstances,X@XhX@X@XhX@X;@XhX@X;@XhX;@X;@XhX;@X@XhX;@  C X@XXX@X@XXX@  ݀24_C.F.R._Ԁ100.202_(c)_,thematterof 8  accommodationmustbeinitiallyraisedbytheresidentorherdesignee.#X@XXX@S#   ($USUS.,    1    _Defendantdescribesitselfasa lifecarecommunity;itdefinesas protectsassetsand  preservesyourestatefromindependentlivingtohealthcare,ifthelatteriseverneeded.  4o O  5  http://www.bishopgadsden.org/lifecare-1.asp6POd   7 Ԁ(July8,2005).Underthis_CCRC_Ԁmodelthe  residentpaysalargefeeupfrontandobtainsinreturnthepromiseofadmissiontothe_CCRC_s t higherlevelofcarefacilitiesifeverneededatamonthlyratenotsubstantiallymorethanthe ` monthlyratefortheindependentlivingapartment.Id.http://www.bishopgadsden.org/lifecare-1.asp6,)4Hypertext     h  ($USUS.,    6    __Ԁ_Beyond50.03,_Ԁsupranote_3,_Ԁat8,84,1778.Theproportionofpeoplewhowantedto  stayintheircurrentresidenceaslongaspossiblewas83%for_persons_Ԁage5564,92%for  personsages6574and95%forthoseage75andolder.  _XX   ` _   ($USUS.,    7    __ԀSee,e.g.,HousingAssistanceCouncil,FederalProgramsandLocalOrganizations:  MeetingtheHousingNeedsofRuralSeniors_(2001)_Ԁavailableat  4 O  5  http://www.ruralhome.org/pubs/hsganalysis/elderly/intro.htm6gO{   7 .  XXhttp://www.ruralhome.org/pubs/hsganalysis/elderly/intro.htm   ($USUS.,    8    __ԀIn2001theaverageannualcostofnursinghomecarewas$55,000._Beyond50.03,_  supranote_3,_Ԁat80(citingGELongTermCareInsuranceNursingHomeSurvey,March2002).  Theannualcost_ofassistedlivingaverages_Ԁ$26,904.Id.at76(citingNationalInvestment  Center/AmericanSeniorsHousingAssociation, TheStateofSeniorsHousing2000.) t  %  ($USUS.,    12    __ԀX@XXXShapirov._Cadman_ԀTowers,_Inc#X@XXX@{#X@XXX@.,51F.3d328,33435(2dCir.1995)(rejecting  argumentthatreasonableaccommodationXX@Ԁ#X@X# requiresonlyequaltreatment).#X@XXX@ # !USUS.,  _   z`INTHEUNITEDSTATESDISTRICTCOURT  =@a a FORTHEDISTRICTOFSOUTHCAROLINA  @!CHARLESTONDIVISION  . (#(#.BLANCHEWBELL, `    `     h Plaintiff L  v. $ t THEEPISCOPALCHURCHHOME,INC.,  L  D/B/A/BISHOPGADSDENRETIREMENT  8  COMMUNITY, $     `     h Defendant.   ___________________________________________   ) ` ) L  ) 8  ) $ t )  ` )  L )  8  ) $  )   )   )   X@XXXCANo.2:051953_DCN_Ԅ_RSC_#X@XXX@ # L    MEMORANDUMINSUPPORT  ` OFPLAINTIFFSMOTION  L FORAPRELIMINARY  8  INJUNCTION $  . .   @P P I.INTRODUCTIONANDSTATEMENTOFFACTS \!   PlaintiffBlancheWBell,an80yearoldwidow(Bell_Aff_.X@XXX@#X@XXX@#1)recentlydiagnosedwith  p$ ALS,LouGehrigsdisease(id.X@XXX@#X@XXX@,#12),isbeingtoldshemustgiveupthespaciousprivate H& apartmentthatisnowherhome.Bell_Aff_.X@XXX@#X@XXX@ #X@XXX@#X@XXX@P#Ԁ1,10,12.Defendanthousingproviderstates  ( overtlythatthereasonisdisability.Bell_Aff_.ExhibitsC,D,F,G,I,K,M..Butforthefactthat * MsBellneedshelpwithactivitiesliketransferringfromherwheelchairtoherbed,shower,and , toilet,defendantwouldhavenoproblemwithherstayingwheresheis.Becausesheneedssuch X . help,however,defendantisdemandingthatshegiveupherapartment.Itdoesnotmatterto 0"0 defendantthatsheisnotaskingittoprovideanyspecialassistance;sheiswillingandhasproven $X2 herselfabletotakecareofherownneedsbyarrangingthenecessarystaffatherownexpense. %0!4 (Bell_Aff_.X@XXX@#X@XXX@ #Ԁ17)Allsheneedsisforthedefendanttostopenforcingitsdiscriminatorypolicies '#6 thatgetinthewayofherlivingassheseesfit. )$8   Itisperhapsironicthatthedefendantisaproviderofspecializedhousingforpeople65 h+&: yearsoldandolder.Licensedunderstatelawasacontinuingcareretirementfacility,Bishop @-(<  z`  8@XXdd8    _Gdsden_Ԁaffirmativelyundertakestocatertothevariedandchangingneedsthattypicallycome  withage.n #  1      ׀However,itsResidenceandServicesAgreementandvariouspoliciespurportto  restrictentrytopeoplewhoareabletotakecareoftheirpersonalneedsandmoveabout `  independently,i.e.,withoutassistancefromothers.Bell_Aff_.,_Exhibit.A_,residencyagreement; 8  ExhibitC,BGLetterwithattachedResidentTransferPolicies.Throughtheagreementandits  ` policies,defendantinvestsinitselftheunilateralauthoritytodeterminewhenresidentsshould  8  betransferredfromits independentlivingapartmentstosettingswhereitprovidesmore   servicesandexercisesmoresupervisionandcontrol.Itswrittenpoliciesthat_operationalize_Ԁthis   authorityexpresslyprovidethatresidentsaretobe placedbasedsolelyontheirlimitations,i.e., p disabilities.Bysubstitutingitsjudgmentforitsresidentsjudgmentsaboutwhatisbestforthem, H defendantspoliciesareantitheticaltothefederalstatutoryrightsofpeoplewithdisabilitiesto  p enjoythesameopportunitiesotherpeopleenjoyandtohavethereasonableaccommodationsthey H needtomaketheserightsreal.Itoperatesinamannerthatkeepsthevisiblydisabledoutofsight   andisolatedfromitslargercommunityof fitandactiveseniors.    Beforefilingthisaction,MsBellattemptedtosatisfydefendantsconcernsandworkout  aresolution.Shehasstatedclearlythatshedoesnotwantorneednursinghomeconfinement X  andhasprovidedmedicaldocumentationsupportinghercurrentlivingarrangements.(Bell_Aff_. 0"  ExhibitH,Johnsonletterto_Tipton_,3/17/05andExhibitsNP.)However,insteadof $X" accommodatingMsBellsdisabilityrelatedneeds,thedefendanttooka mywayorthe  _highwayapproach.BecauseMsBellhascertainphysicaldisabilities,itclaimsanabsoluteand  unilateralrighttodecidewhereandhowshewillliveandtooverridedecisionsshehasmadeasa ` competentadult.IthastoldMsBellthatshemustvacateby July12,2005 ,orberemovedfrom 8  thecommunityalltogether(BellAff.ExhibitM).  h   Bythismotion,MsBellseekstopreservethestatusquowhilethislitigationispending.  @  Indecidingthismotion,thiscourtmustconsider   0  (1)thelikelihoodofirreparableharmtotheplaintiffifthepreliminaryinjunctionis   denied,(2)thelikelihoodofharmtothedefendantiftherequestedreliefisgranted,(3)   thelikelihoodthattheplaintiffwillsucceedonthemerits,and(4)thepublicinterest.See x FederalLeasing,Inc.v.UnderwritersatLloyd's,650F.2d495,499(4Cir.1981).As d Blackweldersetforth,thetwomostimportantfactorsarethelikelihoodofirreparable P harmtotheplaintiffifinterimreliefisnotgrantedandthelikelihoodofirreparableharm < tothedefendantifinterimreliefisgranted.Thetwofactorsshouldbeweighedagainst (x oneanother,andifthebalanceisinfavoroftheplaintiff,itispropertograntinterim d injunctivereliefifgraveorseriousquestionsarepresentedforultimatedecision. P Blackwelder,550F.2dat196.SeealsoJonesv.Bd.ofGovernorsofUniv.ofNorth < Carolina,704F.2d713,715(4Cir.1983);FortSumterTours,Inc.v.Andrus,564F.2d ( 1119,112425(4Cir.1977).(#(# ӀL.J.v.Massinga,838F.2d118,120(4thCir.,1988),citingBlackwelderFurnitureCo.v.Seilig  Mfg.Co.,550F.2d189(4Cir.1977).ThismemorandumwillfocusonMsBellsclaimthat t defendantspolicyofexcludingpeoplewhoneedassistancewithactivitiesofdailylivingfrom L! its independentlivingunitsandofprohibitinglongtermuseofpersonalcareattendants $#t! violatestheFairHousingAct.EssentiallythesameanalysisappliesundertheAmericanswith $L # DisabilitiesAct. &$"% @#II.ARGUMENT. (#' A.0  THEFAIRHOUSINGACTISAREMEDIALACT,TOBECONSTRUEDBROADLY *%) INTHEINTERESTOFBOTHINDIVIDUALSANDTHEPUBLIC;THE p+&* REQUESTEDRELIEFFURTHERSTHEPUBLICINTEREST.(#(#   InenactingtheFairHousingAct,Congresssexplicitintentwas toprovide,within  constitutionallimitations,forfairhousingthroughouttheUnitedStates.42U.S.C.3601 ` (2004).InrulingontheconstitutionalityoftheFairHousingAct,aunanimousSupremeCourt 8  enunciatedthefundamentalprinciplethatguidesallFairHousingActdecisions:theActasa  ` wholeis broadandinclusive,implementsa policythatCongressconsideredtobeofthe  8  highestpriority,andsuchpolicycanbegiveneffect onlybyagenerousconstructionofthe   statute.Trafficantev.Metro.LifeIns.Co.,409U.S.205,209,21112(1972).     Until1988,therewasnogeneralfederalprotectionagainstdisabilitydiscriminationin p housing.Thatyear,CongresspassedandPresidentReagansignedtheFairHousing H AmendmentsAct,Pub.L.No.100430,102Stat.1619(1988)(codifiedat42U.S.C.3601  p 3619)(FHAA),makingitillegaltodiscriminateinhousingonthebasisofmentalorphysical H disability.Congressrecognizedthat,becauseof stereotypesandignorance,X@XXX@X@XhX@X;@XhX@X;@XhX;@X;@XhX;@X@XhX;@  #X@XhX@(#X@XhX@ )18,X@XXX@X@XXX@  рpeoplewith   disabilitieswereoftencutoutoftherentalmarketandforcedtoliveininstitutions,suchas  nursinghomes.H.R.Rep.No.100711,reprintedin1988U.S.C.C.A.N.2173,2179(hereafter   HouseReport).TheFHAAwasenactedasa pronouncementofanationalcommitmenttoend X  theunnecessaryexclusionofpersonswithhandicapsfromtheAmericanmainstream.X@XhX@X;@XhX@X;@XhX;@X;@XhX;@X@XhX;@  O,18,X@XXX@X@XXX@  ݀Twoyears 0"  aftertheFHAA,thesamepolicyconcernswerereflectedintheAmericanswithDisabilitiesAct $X" (ADA),42U.S.C.12101etseq.(2004). %0!$   Likeotherdisabilitycivilrightslaws,theFHAArecognizesthatitisnotenoughsimply '#& toprohibitintentionaldiscriminationagainsthandicappedpersonsbyhousingproviders.Rather, )$( Congressrequiredthat,whenaskedtodoso,housingprovidersweregenerallyrequiredto h+&* provide reasonableaccommodationsinrules,policies,practicesorservices,whensuch  accommodationsmaybenecessarytoafford[apersonwithadisability]equalopportunitytouse  andenjoyadwelling.X@XhX@X;@XhX@X;@XhX;@X;@XhX;@X@XhX;@  018,X@XXX@X@XXX@  ݀42U.S.C.3604(f)(3)(B). `   TheFairHousingActingeneral,andthepresentcaseinparticular,implicateissuesof 8  increasingpublicconcern.Therearemorethan35millionpeopleintheUnitedStateswhoare  ` oversixtyfiveyearsofageandthatnumberisprojectedtoriseto45millionbytheyear2020. #  2      ׀  8  Thelikelihoodofdisabilityincreaseswithage.Ofthosefiftyandover,13%havealimitationin   theirabilitytocareforthemselvesorintheirmobility;forpersonssixtyfiveandover,the   incidenceofadisabilitythatinterfereswithoneormoreactivitiesofdailylivingisestimatedto p beashighas68%. #  3      ׀Mobilityimpairmentsarethemostcommonsourceofdisabilityamongthe H elderly. #  4      ׀Thevastmajorityofpeopleovertheageoffifty,whethertheyhaveadisabilityornot,  p expressapreferenceforremainingintheirhomesandreceivinganynecessaryservicesthereorin H  thecommunity.Y  #  5      ׀Overwhelmingly,peoplestronglypreferindependentlivingintheirownhomes   tootheralternatives. #  6      ׀Notonlyisaginginoneshomethevastpreferenceofolderpeople, #  7      ׀itis   alsomorecosteffective. #  8      ׀Forcingseniorswithdisabilitiesintoexpensive,restrictive  institutionalsettings,evenifostensibly fortheirowngood,runscountertocherishedprinciples ` ofindividualfreedomandautonomyandalsoincreasesthesocialcostofdependency. 8  B.0  PLAINTIFFHASASUBSTANTIALLIKELIHOODOFPREVAILING. `(#(#   1.0 ` PlaintiffislikelytoprevailundertheFairHousingAct. 8 ` (#` (#   Defendantcannotreasonablydisputethatplaintiffhasa handicap<  #  9      ׀withinthemeaning   ofFairHousing,givenitsformaldeterminationthatsheneedstobeinanursinghome.She   clearlyissubstantiallylimitedinmobilityandselfcare.Sheisthuswithinthelawsprotected p class.#X@XXX@)#X@XXX@42U.S.C.3602(h);24C.F.R.100.201.#X@XXX@=#X@XXX@Defendantiscoveredasarenterof H  dwellings.UndertheFairHousingAct,a dwellingisdefinedas:  p 8  8`   anybuilding,structureorportionthereofwhichisoccupiedas,or H designedorintendedforoccupancyas,aresidencebyoneormore 4 families. ` x` x >42U.S.C.3602(b)(2004).NoneoftheActsexemptions,at42U.S.C.#X@XXX@>#X@XXX@3603(b)and3607,  apply;theyaresonarrowandspecificastoreinforcetheActsgeneralapplicability.Manynon  traditionaldwellingshavebeenheldtobecoveredbytheAct.See,e.g.,Hackv.Presidentof  YaleColl.,237F.3d81,87(2d.Cir.2000)(collegedormitories);LouisianaAcornFairHous.v. ` QuarterHouse,Inc.,952F.Supp.352,35860(E.D.La.1997)(recreationaltimeproperty); 8  UnitedStatesv.ColumbusCountryClub,915F.2d877,881(3d.Cir.1990),cert.denied,501  ` U.S.1205(1991)(summercottageswithoutheatorrunningwater,occupiedseasonally;covered  8  becausenotwithinanyexception).Inaddition,facilitiesthatprovidetreatment,suchashomeless   shelters,childwelfarefacilities,andnursinghomes,haveallbeenheldtobecoveredbytheAct.   E.g.,ProjectLife,Inc.,v.Glendening,139F.Supp.2d703,711(W.D.Md.2001),affdonother p grounds,46Fed.Appx.147(4thCir.2002)(decommissionedNavyshipusedforresidential H educationprogramforwomenrecoveringfromsubstanceabuse);UnitedStatesv.Hughes  p MemorialHome,396F.Supp.544,549(W.D.Va.1975)(testatorattemptstorestrictprivate H orphanageto whitechildren;homecoveredbecausemorethanaplaceoftemporarysojourn,   wherethechildrenlivedforthetimethattheywereinresidence);Hovsons,Inc.v.Townshipof  Brick,NewJersey,89F.3d1096,110102(3d.Cir.1996)(nursinghome);UnitedStatesv.  LorantffyCareCtr.,999F.Supp.1037,1044(N.D.Ohio1998)(assistedlivingcenter).MsBell X  notonlytookupresidenceindefendantscomplex,butexpresslycontemplatedremainingthere 0"  therestofherlife.BellAff,2and4. $X"   Giventhatthelawapplies,thenextquestioniswhetherthereisaviolation.The %0!$ complaintallegesnumerousviolations;twoarespecificallygermanetothismotion. '#&   First,defendantsresidencyagreementexpresslyrequiresthatresidentsbecapableofself )$( care.#X@XXX@e@#X@XXX@BellAff.ExhibitA.Itandassociatedpoliciesallowdefendanttotransferresidentsoutof h+&* apartmentsandcottages,intomorerestrictivesettings,againsttheirwill,ortoterminate  residency,iftheycannolongermeettheselfcarerequirement.BellAff.ExhibitC,interalia.It  iswellestablishedthatrequiringaresidenttobecapableofindependentlivingasaconditionof ` residencyconstitutesillegaldiscriminationonthebasisofdisability,inviolationoftheFair 8  HousingAct.Casonv.RochesterHousingAuthority,748F.Supp.1002(W.D.NY1990);  ` <( 4 <DLX<Jainnineyv.MaximumIndependentLiving,No.00CV0879(N.D.OhioFeb.9,2001);  8  Niederhauserv.IndependenceSquareHous.,FHFLRptr.#X@XXX@zJ#X XXX@&#X@X XXhN#X@XXX@Ԁ16,305,No.C9620504(N.D.Cal.   Aug.27,1998);seealso#X@XXX@N#X@XXX@Samuelsonv.MidAtlanticRealtyCo.,947F.Supp.756,761(D.Del.   1996)(themannerinwhicharentalagreementisterminatedconstitutesaterm,conditionor p privilegeunder42U.S.C.3604(f)(2)).#X@XXX@@O#X@XXX@ԀByimposingaconditionofresidencythatisplacedon H peoplewithdisabilitiesbutnotonpeoplewithoutdisabilities,theBGResidenceandServices  p Agreement(BellAff.,ExhibitA)violatestheFairHousingActsprohibitionondiscrimination H inthetermsorconditionsinconnectionwiththeprovisionofadwelling.42U.S.C.   3604(f)(2);24C.F.R.100.202(b).  #  10      ׀Byrequiringthatresidentscertifytheirabilitytoselfcare  (Id,atpage8,paragraphF),itviolatestheFairHousingActsprohibitiononinquiriesintothe  natureandseverityofapersonsdisability.24C.F.R.100.202(c);Casonat1008; X  Neiderhauserat#X@XXX@yP#X XXX@&#X@X XXBT#X@XXX@16,305.7.Third,byincludingthediscriminatoryselfcarerequirementinthe 0"  ResidenceandServicesAgreement,defendantviolates42U.S.C.3604(c)whichprohibitsthe  publicationofstatementsthat,interalia,indicatealimitationbasedonhandicap.Neiderhauser  at#X@XXX@T#X XXX@&#X@X XX%V#X@XXX@16,305.5.6(Theinclusionofanindependentlivingrequirementinthelandlordswritten ` rulesandpoliciesviolated3604(c) regardlessofalandlordsactualpoliciesorpractices). 8  Housingprovidersmayconsiderwhetherresidentscanmeettheobligationsofresidency,suchas  ` keepingtheapartmentup,notwhethertheresidentneedshelpdressing,eating,etc.Theresident  8  isfreetomeettheseobligationswithorwithoutassistance,suchasfromapersonalassistantor   cleaningservice.See,H.R.Rep.No.100711,at30(1988)reprintedin1988U.S.C.C.A.N.1762,   2191(alsocitedinNeiderhauserat#X@XXX@hV#X XXX@&#X@X XXY#X@XXX@Ԁ16,305.51).TotheextentthattheBGResidenceand p ServicesAgreementpurportstowaivefederallyprotectedrights,itisunenforceable.\ #  11       H   Second,totheextentthattheremightbesomeconceivablelegitimatenondiscriminatory  p basisforapolicylimitingpersonalassistancefornondisabledmembersofaretirement H community,defendanthasviolatedtheActinrefusingtomodifythepolicyasareasonable   accommodationtoMsBellsdisability.Congresssoughttomovepeoplewithdisabilities into  theAmericanmainstream,butunderstoodthatthemainstreamrentalmarketmayposeobstacles  forpeoplewithdisabilities.h #  12      Recognizingthevariabilityofmostdisabilities,Congressimposed X  themandateonhousingprovidersasan anaffirmativedutytoreasonablyaccommodate 0"  residents'disabilities.UnitedStatesv.CaliforniaMobileHomeParkMgmt.Co.,29F.3d1413, $X" 1416(9thCir.1994)(42U.S.C.3604(f)(3)(B)imposesan affirmativeduty).Seealso %0!$ TurningPoint,Inc.v.CityofCaldwell,74F.3d941,948(9thCir.1996)(same);U.S.v.Cityof  Taylor,872F.Supp.423,436(E.D.Mich.1995)(same).#X@XXX@Y#X@XXX@Areasonableaccommodationisa  change,exception,oradjustmenttoarule,policyorpractice. #  13      ׀#X@XXX@^`#X@XXX@Thelimitsonthisdutyarequite ` simple: 8  #X@XXX@ha#X@XXX@0  Ahousingprovidercandenyarequestforareasonableaccommodationiftherequestwas  ` notmadebyoronbehalfofapersonwithadisabilityorifthereisnodisabilityrelated  L  needfortheaccommodation.Inaddition,arequestforreasonableaccommodationmay  8  bedeniedifprovidingtheaccommodationisnotreasonable"i.e.,ifitwouldimposean $  unduefinancialandadministrativeburdenonthehousingprovideroritwould   fundamentallyalterthenatureoftheprovidersoperations.#X@XXX@a#X@XXX@ (#(# JointStatement,supranote13(Question7).Here,therequesthasclearlybeenmadeanddenied.   ThedefendantcannotclaimMsBelldoesnotneedpersonalassistance!ithasdemandedshebe \ placedinitsnursinghome.Itcannotclaimanyfinancialburden,asMsBellasksonlytobeleft 4 aloneandwillbeartheentirecostoftheassistancesheneeds.Itsadministrativeburdenwould  \ bereducedsinceitwouldnolongerinterferewithMsBellsdaytodaymanagementofher 4 personallifeormonitorhermedicalcondition.]@ #  14      ׀Itsoperationswouldbealtered,butonlytothe   extentthattheyhavebeenbasedondisabilitydiscrimination!defendantwouldnotberequired  tochangetheservicesitoffersorevenwheretheyareoffered.MsBellwouldinfactlive l independentlyinan independentlivingapartment,withtheassistanceofherpowerwheelchair  andpersonalcareattendants    2.0 ` PlaintiffisalsolikelytoprevailundertheAmericanswithDisabilitiesAct.`` (#` (#   EssentiallythesameprinciplesandfactsasarerecitedaboveestablishMsBells 8  entitlementtoreliefunderTitleIIIoftheAmericanswithDisabilitiesAct.Thedefinitionofthe  ` protectedclassparallelstheFHAA.Thedefinitionof publicaccommodationisevenbroader  8  than dwelling,includingnotonlyplacesoflodging,butmedicalandserviceorganizations,   placesofpublicgathering,restaurants,andthelike.WhileentitiescoveredbyFHAAareexempt   fromthedefinitionof commercialfacilitiesinTitleIII,thatdefinitionappliesonlyto p requirementsfornewconstruction,notatissueinthiscase. #  15      ׀Thisnarrowexemptionmakes H clearthatthecategoriesmayotherwiseoverlap.Substantively,theADAsetsforthspecificduties  p ofnondiscriminationthatparalleltheFHAAandotherdisabilityrightslawsinprohibiting H discriminatoryselectionandeligibilitycriteria,restrictiveenvironments,segregation,anddenial   ofreasonableaccommodation.    TheSupremeCourthasnotedthatinpassingtheADACongressrecognizedthat   unjustifiedinstitutionalisolationofpersonswithdisabilitiesisaformofdiscrimination.X@XhX@X@XhX@X;@XhX@X;@XhX;@X;@XhX;@X@XhX;@  GpoccX@XXX@X@XXX@  ݀ X  #X@XXX@d#X@XXX@Olmsteadv.L.C.,527U.S.581,600(1999).Thatrecognitionrestedontwounderlying 0"  jud#X@XXX@q#X@XXX@gments: $X" 0  First,institutionalplacementofpersonswhocanhandleandbenefitfromcommunity %0!$ settingsperpetuatesunwarrantedassumptionsthatpersonssoisolatedareincapableor &"% unworthyofparticipatingincommunitylife....Second,confinementinaninstitution '#& severelydiminishestheeverydaylifeactivitiesofindividuals,includingfamilyrelations, (#' socialcontacts,workoptions,economicindependence,educationaladvancement,and  culturalenrichment.(#(# Id.at60001(citationsomitted).Whatistrueinthemacrocosmofsocietyisequallytrueinthe t microcosmofthissmallretirementcommunity.MsBellisclearlyableto handleand benefit L  fromhercurrent settinginthiscommunity.Defendantisactingonanunwarranted $ t assumptionthatsheisincapable,unworthy,orboth.Herisolationorexclusionwouldperpetuate  L  thoseassumptions,tothedetrimentofbothherselfandthecommunityinwhichshewantsto $  remain.   C.0  GRANTINGRELIEFWILLNOTCAUSESUBSTANTIALHARMTODEFENDANT.\(#(#   Ashasbeennoted,plaintiffisnotaskingdefendanttoincuranyexpenseorotherwiseact 4 toitsdetriment.Defendantspoliciesaffirmativelyprovidethatresidentsmayusepersonal  \ assistanceonatemporarybasis,indicatingthatsucharrangementsdonotundulyinterferewith 4 itsoperations.Theonlydifferenceisthatinsteadofwaitingforamedicaldetermination,   plaintiffisaskingforprotectionpendingalegaldetermination.  D.0  PRELIMINARYRELIEFISNEEDEDTOPREVENTIRREPARABLEHARMAND D! PRESERVETHESTATUSQUO.0" (#(#   Courtshavelongrecognizedthattheviolationofonesfairhousingrightsresultsinper $X" seirreparableinjury.SeeGreshamv.WindrushPartners,Ltd.,730F.2d1417,1423(11thCir. %0!$ 1984)( ...irreparableinjurymaybepresumedfromthefactofdiscriminationandviolationsof '#& fairhousingstatutes).Ms.Bellisharmedeverysingledaybythedefendantsinsistencethatshe )$( isnotentitledtolivewhereandhowshenowlivessolelybecauseofherdisability.Thisharm h+&* cannotbeundone.Allowingdefendanttocarryoutitsthreatsto ejectherfromherhome  wouldmakethesituationincalculablyworse.BellAff,1416.Shewouldexperienceamajor  disruptionoflifeatatimewhendisruptionsofanykindaredifficult.Atage80,recently ` diagnosedwithaprogressiveneuromusculardisease,undergoingdramaticphysicalchanges,she 8  drawsstrengthfromthesupportofclosefriendsinthecommunity.BellAff,5and12.Shecan  ` offerpleasantaccommodationswhenoutofstatefamilymemberscometovisit.Butfor  8  defendantsdiscriminatorypractices,shewouldfacethefuturewithcomfort,securityand   dignity.Instead,shefacestherealpossibilityofbeingcastoff,perhapsservingasanobject   lessontoherfriendsaboutthefutilityofobjectingtodefendantsplacementdecisions.More p tangibly,shewouldlosethelifetimecarebenefitsthatshedoesnotwantorneednow,butmay H wantandneedinthefuture,asherconditionprogresses.BellAff.2,3,16.Whileshe_may  p hope,throughtheuseofpersonalassistance,tominimizehertimeinnursingcare,sheneedsto H knowthatifandwhenshedoesneedit,itwillbeavailableataplacecloseenoughforherfriends   tovisit,asshehasvisitedthosewhowentbeforeher.    Forseveralmonths,defendanthasforbornefromenforcingitsdiscriminatorypolicies  againstMsBell,basedonpoliciesthatarbitrarilyapplyonlytopeoplewhosedisabilitiesmight X  betemporaryinnature.Ithasnothadanyhardshiporburdenasaresult.MsBellasksthatthe 0"  statusquobemaintainedwhiledefendantisgivenanopportunitytotrytodefenditsrightto $X" disturbit. %0!$ #X@XXX@lr#   `     h   Respectfullysubmitted, '#& @*   `     h    |*%)    `     h   HARRIET_McBRYDE_ԀJOHNSON,Esq h+&*    `     h   FederalIDNo2192     `     h   171ChurchStreet,Suite160     `     h   CharlestonSC29401     `     h   (843)7220178 t    `     h      `     h   JOHNRPOLITO,Esq $ t    `     h   FederalIDNo3081  `    `     h   1325PherigoSt  L     `     h   MtPleasantSC29464  8     `     h   (843)8499721 $     `     h   SusanAnn_Silverstein_,Esq      `     h   Pendingadmissionpro_hac_Ԁvice p    `     h   AARPFOUNDATIONLITIGATION \    `     h   601E.Street,NW,RmA4140 H    `     h   WashingtonDC X? XXX@Ԁ#X@X X X?<#20049 4    `     h   (202)4342159  p    `     h   ATTORNEYSFORTHEPLAINTIFF H Date:򀀀July8,_2005_________________________________________________________________________________Ԁ